"Entering Cultural Communities: Diversity and Change in the Nonprofit Arts" is a new book on the trend in audience expansion among arts nonprofits. Diane Grams and Betty Farrell conducted a study through the Cultural Policy Center at the University of Chicago, drawing on interviews with leaders, staff, volunteers and audience members from 85 nonprofit cultural organizations to explore how they have revised their goals as they seek to broaden their audiences to involve a more racially and ethnically diverse group of people, those from a broader range of economic backgrounds, new immigrants, families and youth. The authors differentiate between "relational" and "transactional" practices, the former term describing efforts to build connections with local communities and the latter describing efforts to create new consumer markets for cultural products. Interviewees range from San Francisco Symphony to Appalshop. [LINK]